基于改进的卷积神经网络的钢号识别

为获取样本的多样性特征,提出了一种改进的卷积神经网络结构。该网络中引入多层递归神经网络,利用卷积神经网络提取输入图像的浅层特征,同时利用卷积神经网络和递归神经网络并行提取高层特征,最后将两种网络学习到的特征进行融合输入到分类器中分类。利用迁移学习理论解决小样本集数据训练不足的问题,并将这种卷积神经网络结构应用于石油物资管线钢号识别中。实验探究了递归神经网络个数与卷积核个数对网络性能的影响,实验结果表明,改进的网络结构与其它网络进行对比,错误率降低了 3% 。     

改进的核极限学习机定位算法

针对神经网络无线定位方法,存在训练耗时长,定位结果易受噪声干扰的问题,提出了一种改进的核极限学习机无线定位算法。采取在同一位置进行多次测量的方法得到训练数据;把同一位置测得的数据划分为一个样本子空间并提取样本子空间的特征,以样本子空间的特征代替原来的训练数据;利用矩阵近似及矩阵扩展的相关理论改进核极限学习机算法;将处理过的训练数据利用改进的核极限学习机进行训练,得到定位预测模型。仿真结果表明,在相同数据集下,改进的核极限学习机训练用时短、定位速度快;在相同噪声干扰情况下,此算法定位预测误差小。经验证,该算法不但能提高网络的训练速度、定位速度,还能有效地降低噪声的干扰,提高定位精度。     

NSD样本最近邻密度估计的相合性

利用负超可加相依(NSD)序列的Bernstein不等式和Borel-Cantelli引理, 给出NSD样本最近邻密度估计和失效率函数估计的(弱)强相合性、 一致强相合性和(一致)强相合速度.     

Treed Avalanche Forecasting: Mitigating Avalanche Danger Utilizing Bayesian Additive Regression Trees

Little Cottonwood Canyon Highway is a dead‐end, two‐lane road leading to Utah's Alta and Snowbird ski resorts. It is the only road access to these resorts and is heavily traveled during the ski season. Professional avalanche forecasters monitor this road throughout the ski season in order to make road closure decisions in the face of avalanche danger. Forecasters at the Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT) avalanche guard station at Alta have maintained an extensive daily winter database on explanatory variables relating to avalanche prediction. Whether or not an avalanche crosses the road is modeled in this paper via Bayesian additive tree methods. Utilizing daily winter data from 1995 to 2011, results show that using Bayesian tree analysis outperforms traditional statistical methods in terms of realized misclassification costs that take into consideration asymmetric losses arising from two types of error. Closing the road when an avalanche does not occur is an error harmful to resort owners, and not closing the road when one does may result in injury or death. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

小型无人机协同覆盖侦察路径规划

针对多架小型无人机对含有障碍的区域覆盖侦察最佳路径规划问题,首先用方形单元格将待侦察区域离散化,利用基于初始位置的划分方法划分出与无人机对应的子区域,把问题转化为单无人机优化问题以降低计算复杂度;然后在最小生成树的基础上提出节点交换法,对各子区域的形状和最小生成树进行调整优化;最后依据优化后的最小生成树为每个子区域构建侦察路径。仿真验证了该方法产生的规划路径能够完全覆盖指定区域且无重叠,路径长度和转弯数最小。     

爆燃压裂技术对水泥试样致裂实验研究

为模拟爆燃压裂技术的破岩效果和裂缝形态，进行了水泥试样致裂实验。制作了含有模拟射孔孔眼的ϕ244.5 mm套管，外维为ϕ1 600 mm×1 000 mm的水泥试样9组，并采用现场常用的航天复合推进剂和军工双基药进行实验。在实验基础上，与层内爆炸技术和重复强电冲击波技术进行储层致裂机理对比分析。研究表明，爆燃压裂技术对9组水泥试样具有100%致裂效果，裂缝条数在2~4条，裂缝缝宽在厘米级，且水泥试样的顶部缝宽要大于中部。随着火药用量减少，井筒内峰值压力减小，岩石裂缝条数减少，裂缝宽度减小。其造缝机理和形态有别于使用炸药的层内爆炸技术和使用脉冲功率负载及含能材料的可重复强电冲击波技术。     

中子活化分析中煤样厚度及探测器位置的选择

利用MCNP5程序包模拟14MeV脉冲中子照射一定厚度煤样,并通过时间控制获得非弹γ能谱和俘获γ能谱,再利用计数率的高低确定γ能谱的获取位置.结果表明:当煤样厚度为20cm时,非弹γ能谱的计数率达到饱和;当煤样厚度为35cm时,俘获γ能谱的计数率达到饱和.     

文科生大学数学学习情况调查研究

通过对文科大一与大三学生的抽样调查,采用问卷调查、课堂观察和深度访谈这三种方法,对其数学学习情况进行了具体的分析研究,由此发现文科教材中存在的问题:中学与大学的过渡环节较为欠缺以及教材内容的构成成分有待完善.     

A Comparison of the Forecasting Ability of Immediate Price Impact Models

As a consequence of recent technological advances and the proliferation of algorithmic and high‐frequency trading, the cost of trading in financial markets has irrevocably changed. One important change, known as price impact, relates to how trading affects prices. Price impact represents the largest cost associated with trading. Forecasting price impact is very important as it can provide estimates of trading profits after costs and also suggest optimal execution strategies. Although several models have recently been developed which may forecast the immediate price impact of individual trades, limited work has been done to compare their relative performance. We provide a comprehensive performance evaluation of these models and test for statistically significant outperformance amongst candidate models using out‐of‐sample forecasts. We find that normalizing price impact by its average value significantly enhances the performance of traditional non‐normalized models as the normalization factor captures some of the dynamics of price impact. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

泽州县古树常见有害生物综合防治

在介绍古树有害生物防治原则的基础上,阐述了生物防治在古树保护复壮中的作用,对古树常见有害生物类别及综合防治措施进行了探讨。